lecturer : Risca Widowati
Compiled by:
Name : Bryn
Artha Patria
NPM : 28212399
Class
: 3EB18
Faculty of Economics – Accounting
University
Gunadarma
Know and understand
more about
Indonesian Traditional Herbal Medicine
History
of Herbal Medicine
Indonesia's
biodiversity can be said is complete. This led to Indonesia being the potential
for the discovery of herbal medicine in the world. In which various types of
herbal plants can flourish in Indonesia. The herb is the main ingredient in the
manufacture of herbal medicine. Everyone must know the Indonesian herbal
medicine.
Herbal
medicine is the name for the traditional medicine of Indonesia, especially Java
community. Jamu is an herb derived from natural herbs are formulated without
the use of chemicals as an additive (additive). Jamu is often referred to as a
traditional herb for medicinal had been known since the days of the ancestors prior
knowledge related to modern drugs into Indonesia. Most recipes herbal
concoction was tens or even hundreds of years and continues to be used for
generations until today.
Herbal
medicine made from natural materials, such as parts of plants such as rhizomes (roots),
leaves, bark and stems and fruit. As a form of traditional medicine, herbal
medicine plays an important role in the treatment of people in developing
countries. An estimated 70-80% of the population in developing countries has a
dependency on traditional medicine.
In general, herbs are considered non-toxic
and does not cause side effects. Efficacy of herbal medicine has been tested by
time, age and history, as well as direct empirical evidence in humans for hundreds
of years that have used traditional medicine. The term herbs appeared on the
New Java era, starting around mid-century AD 15-16. Because herbs are identical
with the notion of medicinal Javanese culture was taken from the ancient
Javanese language.
According
to the ancient Javanese language, the term "herbal" is derived from
the abbreviation of two Old Javanese word is "Djampi" and "Oesodo".
Djampi means healing using herbs or prayers and spell-spell while Oesodo means health.
In the middle ages (15-16 AD), the term oesodo rarely used. Instead the term spell
is becoming more popular among the palace. Then the term "herbal" was
introduced to the public by the "shaman" or traditional medicine physician.
Evidence that herbal medicine has existed since ancient times and is often used
with reliefs of Borobudur temple during the Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in 722 AD, where
the reliefs depicting the habit of dispensing and drinking herbal medicine to maintain
health. Other historical evidence that the discovery of relics Madhawapura inscription
Hindu Majapahit kingdom that is the profession "artisan Jamu" called Acaraki.
The botanist publish literature on the
benefits of diversity and plant for treatment. So the herbs that were once only
enjoyed by certain circles in the present moment can be enjoyed by all levels
of society, both old and young people, children and adults. Thus herbs became very
popular in Indonesia. The continued development of the times, herbs were
sometimes referred to as herbal medicine. Where herbal medicines are drugs
derived from plants that processed / mixture extracted without chemicals. At the
present time, in an effort to heal the pain people are more interested in using
herbal / medicinal herbs instead of using medications as prescribed. They think
herbs / herbal remedies are safer because the side effects are not harmful but it
makes other organs healthy.
The difference between herbal / medicinal
herbs with modern medicine lies in the materials used, in which herbs to use various
kinds of herbs taken directly from nature, while modern medicine is produced from
compound synthetic chemicals. Herbal / medicinal herbs are not only used for treatment,
but also used for disease prevention, health maintenance, restoration of health,
fitness, beauty, daily supplement power adders and passion, as well as increasing
domestic happiness in life. Was not only a form of herbal medicine powder / powder
but also thrive, there is made in pill form. capsules, caplets, or liquid.
introduction to herbs
Herbal medicine is the name for
the traditional medicine of Indonesia. Later,
popularly known as the herb or herbs.
Herbal medicine made from natural materials, such as parts of
plants such as rhizomes
(roots), leaves, bark,
and fruit. There
is also the use of materials
of animal body,
such as bile goat,
snake bile, or
tangkur crocodile. Often chicken egg yolk is
also used to mix the herbs additional carrying.
Herbal usually feels bitter that
need to add honey as a sweetener to taste
more tolerable drinker. Even some herbs are
added to wine.
Besides as a deduction bitter taste, wine also
serves to warm up the body.
Sukoharjo is a traditional herbal medicine sales centers are well known in Indonesia. Sukoharjo
is one of the districts included in the province of Central Java.
Of the many traditional
herbal traders in Sukoharjo, it
was established that the statue sculpture Sukoharjo identity
Herbal Wear in Bulakrejo.
Commonly called Herbal Wear statue as the statue
depicts a farmer and
a herbalist carrying.
Sukoharjo regions, particularly sub-district Nguter, is famous as
the place of origin herbalist
carrying in many
big cities, such as Jakarta,
Bandung, Bogor, Surabaya.
In many big cities
there are professional herbalist who carry
around peddling herbal
medicine as a healthy and refreshing drink. Besides
herbs are also produced
in factories herbs
by large companies
such as Herbal Fountain,
Nyonya Meneer or
Djamu Djago, and
sold at various
drug stores in sachet packaging. Herbs such as this must
be dissolved in hot water before drinking. In
the further development of herbal medicine is also sold in the
form of tablets, caplets and capsules.
Types
of herbs, efficacy, raw materials, and processing methods:
Carrying
medicinal generally used for the purpose of maintaining health. People buy carrying
medicinal often because the habit of consuming a health drink consumed daily.
Herbal beras kencur
Herbal
beraskencur believed to eliminate stiffness in the body. By getting drink
herbal rice kencur, the body will be spared from the aches and pains that
usually arises when the work is too hard. In addition, there are many who argue
that kencur rice herbs can stimulate appetite, thus increasing appetite and body
become healthier.
raw
materials :
In the
manufacture of herbal rice kencur, there are some variations in the materials
used, but there are two main basic ingredients are always used, namely rice and
kencur. Both of these materials in accordance with the names of herbs, and herbal
is always there even though its composition is not always the same in the herbalist.
Other ingredients commonly mixed into rice kencur herbal concoction is kedawung
seeds, ginger, kapulogo seeds, fruit acids, key, wood keningar, turmeric, lemon
juice, and nutmeg. As a sweetener used brown sugar and white sugar mixed and often
they also mix artificial sugar.
Method of
processing:
In
general, not much different, which is boiled and allowed to cool, then provided
as needed. Initially rice disangan, then ground into powder. Other materials in
accordance with a mortar and pestle komposisiracikanditumbuk using iron or stone.
Both of these ingredients are then mixed, squeezed, and filtered through a
sieve or squeezed through the cloth material. Sari juice ingredients mixed into
boiled water that has been available, mix evenly. Subsequently put into bottles.
Herbal Kunir Asam
Herbal
kunirasam said by most sellers of medicinal herbs as a 'cool-ademan or seger-to
soon' which can be interpreted as a herbal medicine for invigorating the body or
can make the body become cold. There are also saying beneficial to avoid heartburn
or ulcers, and stomach becomes cold. A herbalist said that this kind of herbal
medicine is not well taken by the pregnant mother nature expedite mudasehubungan
with menstruation. There is also a herbalist who advocate drinking herbal turmeric
acid to launch period.
raw
materials :
The use
of herbal raw materials turmeric acid is generally not much different between the
manufacturer. The differences seen in the composition of the constituent
materials. The main ingredients of herbs made with sour fruit plus turmeric / saffron,
but there are some creators mix with sinom (young tamarind leaves), ginger, seeds
kedawung, and lemon juice. As a sweetener used brown sugar and white sugar mixed
and often they also mix artificial sugars, and affixed a little salt.
Method of processing:
In
general, not much different between the herbalist, which is boiled and the
amount as needed. The materials in accordance with the blend composition is
roughly pulverized using a mortar and pestle iron or stone or thinly sliced (turmeric),
put in boiling water and boiled for a while. Furthermore, the addition of sugar
(or artificial sweeteners) to obtain a sweetness to taste (taste). Decoction obtained
is left to cool slightly, then filtered with a filter. Filtered decoction is
left in the pan and then put into bottles and ready for sold.
Herbal Sinom
Benefits,
constituent materials, as well as how to make herbal sinom not much different with
herbs turmeric acid. The difference lies only in the supplementary material sinom.
In fact, some sellers do not add sinom, but by the way herbs turmeric dilute acid
to reduce the amount of raw materials are then added sugar to taste.
Herbal Cabe Puyang
Herbal
chili puyang said by most sellers of medicinal herbs as 'stiff'. That is, to eliminate
cikalen, sore, and ached in the body, especially in the waist aches. However, some
are said to eliminate and prevent numbness, chills body eliminate complaints ataudemam.
A good seller says this drink is drunk by women who are pregnant.
Raw
materials:
The
basic ingredients of medicinal herbs is chili chili puyang and puyang. Additional
other raw materials in medicinal chili puyang vary greatly, both the type and amount.
Other ingredients are added, among others Intersection ireng, turmeric, ginger,
kudu, fennel, pulosari, turmeric, pepper, kedawung, keningar, fruit acids, and key.
As a sweetener used brown sugar and white sugar mixed and sometimes they also
mix artificial sugar and a little salt affixed.
Method of
processing:
In
general, not much different, first of all water that is boiled and allowed to cool,
the amount in accordance with the requirements. The materials in accordance with
the blend composition pulverized using a mortar and pestle iron or stone. The
entire material is then squeezed through a sieve into the boiled water that is available.
Furthermore, herb obtained mixed well and then put into bottles.
Herbal Pahitan
Pahitan
herbal medicine used for a variety of health problems. Herbalist provide varying
answers about this medicinal benefits, but primarily for the itching and diabetes.
Seller others say its benefits for 'dialysis', lack of appetite, eliminate body
odor, lowering cholesterol, abdominal bloating / obstruction, acne, aches, and dizziness.
Raw
materials:
Basic raw
materials of herbal pahitan is bitter. Pahitan concoction vary widely, there are
only composed of bitter, but some are adding other ingredients that tastes too bitter
as brotowali, Widoro sea, white doro, and the scene of bark. There is also a mix
of other ingredients such as fennel and or empon-empon (rhizome material used in
seasoning).
Method of
processing:
Pahitan herbal
medicine is to boil all the ingredients into the water until the remaining cooking
water into about half. This method is intended that all nutritious substances contained
in materials can leach into the cooking water. As a final result, obtained stew
with a very bitter taste. Pahitan special herbs, not given sugar or other sweetening
matter. As an antidote to the bitterness, the other carrying consumer herbal
drink that taste sweet and fresh as sinom or turmeric acid.
Herbal Kunci Suruh
Herbal
told key used by women, especially mothers to treat complaints of vaginal
discharge (fluor albus). Meanwhile, another benefit is to close part of the
female sex (vaginal), eliminate body odor, shrink the uterus and stomach, and
is said to strengthen the teeth.
Raw
materials:
This
herbal raw materials as the name suggests, the key rhizome and betel leaf.
Usually always add acid ripe fruit. Some herbalist add other ingredients
commonly used in herbal remedies or herbal whitish meeting like pomegranate
juice, nut, lock pepet, and majakan. In this study, found other materials are
added, namely jambe, sweet do, wood legi, beluntas, and kencur. As a sweetener
used granulated sugar, brown sugar, and affixed a little salt.
Method of processing:
How
to processing in general is not much different between the herbalist, ie boiled
water as needed. The materials in accordance with the blend composition is
roughly pulverized using a mortar and pestle iron or stone or thinly sliced (turmeric),
squeezed, filtered, and put in boiled water that has cooled. Next, add sugar as
needed, until a sweetness to taste the taste way. Potions are then put into
bottles and ready for sold.
Herbal Kudu Laos
According
to most of the herbalist, herbal properties must laos is to lower blood pressure.
However, some are said to improve blood circulation, warm the body, make the
stomach feel comfortable, increase appetite, launch period, and refresh the
body.
Method of
processing:
How to processing
in general is not much different between the herbalist is first boiled some water
as needed. The materials in accordance with the blend composition is roughly pulverized
using a mortar and pestle iron or stone then squeezed and filtered put in boiled
water that has cooled. Furthermore, the addition of sugar to obtain a sweetness
to taste (taste). Potions are then put into bottles and ready for sold.
Herbal Uyup-uyup/Gepyokan
Herbal uyup-uyup or gepyokan are
herbs that are used to increase milk production in nursing mothers. Only an
herbalist who says that there are other benefits, namely to eliminate body odor
less savory, both the mother and child and the 'cool' stomach.
Raw
materials and processing methods:
Herbal
raw materials uyup-uyup varies greatly between herbal medicine maker, but in
general always use empon-empon material consisting of kencur, ginger, bangle,
galangal, turmeric, ginger, Puyang, and temugiring. How to processing in
general is not much different between the herbalist, ie all the material is
washed unpeeled, then empon-empon chopped (thinly sliced) plus other
ingredients and coarsely ground, then squeezed and filtered. Freshly put in
boiled water that has cooled. Furthermore, the addition of sugar (or artificial
sweeteners) to obtain a sweetness to taste (taste). Potions are then put into bottles
and ready to be traded.
BOOK "PLANT INDONESIA AND usefulness"
TEXT JAN Kloppenburg - Versteegh
Mrs
January Kloppenburg, a Dutch woman who was born in a large coffee plantation in
the area Weleri, Central Java is the author of the book "De Indische
Planten en haar Geneeskracht" or Plant Indonesia and His cleansing
efficacy. Born in 1862 and raised in Indonesia, this young lady has a very good
opportunity to get to know the local plants and investigate the usefulness.
January Kloppenburg was inspired by his mother, Albertina, who care for the
health of people around the plantation. Albertina often give advice to
residents about how to treat a disease or herbaceous plants and which ones are
the most effective drugs. Young Kloppenburg often accompany his mother while
visiting residents and record all the information it deems important. After his
mother died, and then married, Jan. continuing interest in plants and herbs
Indonesia. His writings are summarized in a book with the title as above and was
first published in early 1900. The book is now used as an invaluable reference
for the development of the use of plants and herbs in the modern era.
Extracted
and Translated from Susan-Jane Beers' "Herb, The Ancient Indonesian Art of
Herbal Healing" by Mimuk Bambang Irawan.
Here
is my documentation
in one of the
traditional herbal medicine shop
and I drink
herbal stiff /
beras kencur:
Herbal beras kencur
As
we know beraskencur herbs believed to eliminate stiffness in the body. By
getting drink herbal rice kencur, the body will be spared from the aches and pains
that usually arises when the work is too hard. In addition, there are many who argue
that kencur rice herbs can stimulate appetite, thus increasing appetite and body
become healthier.
“ sekian yang dapat saya jelaskan tentang
beberapa macam jamu tradisional asli indonesia, mohon maaf atas segala
kekurangan dan kesalahan kata dalam tulisan ini. Terima kasih ^_^ “
Referensi :
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